Monoliteral signs represent one consonant. All of the consonants in
the language are represented in this list. Learn the signs, the transliteration of the sound, and
the Manuel de Codage (MdC) equivalent of the tranliteration symbol. You can pay less attention to the
descriptions of the signs and the English equivalents which are only guides to transcribing Egyptian
names into English.
The order these signs appear in is the order which Egyptologists use to "alphabetize" their
dictionaries, vocabularies, and word lists. Learn it.
This sequence was established by early Egyptologists before modern studies of the sounds of speech
were initiated. As a result, the terms used on this page are not technically accurate, but are
used to conveniently organize the signs into useful categories.
SEMIVOWELS
Hieroglyph:
Gardiner Code:
Transliteration:
MdC:
Explanation:
Equivalent:
Notes:
M17
i or j
Reed Feather
i
often omitted
or
M17 M17 or Z4
y, i, or j
Double Reed Feather
y
or
G43 or Z7
w
Chick
u
often omitted
LABIALS
Hieroglyph:
Gardiner Code:
Transliteration:
MdC:
Explanation:
Equivalent:
Notes:
LIQUIDS
Hieroglyph:
Gardiner Code:
Transliteration:
MdC:
Explanation:
Equivalent:
Notes:
BREATHINGS
Hieroglyph:
Gardiner Code:
Transliteration:
MdC:
Explanation:
Equivalent:
Notes:
Aa1
x
Placenta? -- Maybe not
kh
ch as in Scottish "loch"
F32
X
Animal's belly and udders?
kh
ch as in High German "ich"
SIBILANTS
Hieroglyph:
Gardiner Code:
Transliteration:
MdC:
Explanation:
Equivalent:
Notes:
O34
z or s
Door bolt
z or s
often written for S29
S29
s
Folded cloth
s
often written for O34
GUTTERALS
Hieroglyph:
Gardiner Code:
Transliteration:
MdC:
Explanation:
Equivalent:
Notes:
V31
k
Basket with handle
k
sign often reversed
W11
g
Stand for a jar
g
W12 is often used
DENTALS
Hieroglyph:
Gardiner Code:
Transliteration:
MdC:
Explanation:
Equivalent:
Notes:
X1
t
bread loaf
t
later used for V13
V13
T
Horse hobble
ch
later used for X1
D46
d
Forearm
d
later used for I10
I10
D
Snake
dj
later used for D46
Page last updated on 2009 May 29
Copyright © Bob Manske 2009 - 2011